程序公平对组织公民行为的影响——组织支持感的中介效应和积极互惠的调节模型检验

为探讨组织支持感在程序公平与组织公民行为之间的中介作用及积极互惠在程序公平、组织支持感与组织公民行为之间的调节效应,采用了随机抽样方式,选取珠三角400名中小企业员工,运用程序公平问卷、组织支持感问卷、组织公民行为问卷和积极互惠问卷进行调查。结果显示,组织支持感在程序公平与组织公民行为各因子之间起到中介作用;积极互惠在程序公平与组织公民行为三个维度调节中效应显著。     

Gerontological Social Workers' Perceived Efficacy for Influencing Client Outcomes

Using a sample of practitioners (n = 269) from the 2004 National Study of Licensed Social Workers, this article employs a quality assurance structure–process–outcome model to examine factors at the practitioner, workplace, and service delivery levels that influence the perceived efficacy of licensed gerontological social workers to affect client outcomes in the context of a highly challenging health care environment. A regression model accounted for 33.9% of the variance (adjusted R ² = .291) in perceived efficacy with 3 aspects of service delivery satisfaction having significant effects: ability to address complex/chronic care, to influence the design of services, and to help clients navigate the system.     

Managerial and leadership effectiveness as perceived by managers and non-managerial employees in Mexico

Using the critical incident (CI) technique, concrete examples of effective and ineffective managerial behaviour (CIs) were collected from managers and non-managerial employees within private and public sector organizations situated in the north and southeast regions of Mexico. The CIs were content analysed using open, axial and selective coding to identify a smaller number of thematic categories. A total of 38 ‘manager’ and 35 ‘non-managerial employee’ behavioural categories were identified respectively, of which 82.19% (n = 60) were found to be either convergent or polar opposite in meaning. The findings suggest that what behaviourally differentiates effective managers from ineffective managers is perceived, described and defined by Mexican managers and non-managerial employees in much the same way. The study provides new insights on the issue of perceived managerial and leadership effectiveness in Mexico and is a rare example of indigenous managerial behaviour research in a non-Anglo country.     

The relationship between financial strain,perceived stress,psychological symptoms,and academic and social integration in undergraduate students

ABSTRACT

Objective: Financial strain may directly or indirectly (i.e., through perceived stress) impact students’ psychological symptoms and academic and social integration, yet few studies have tested these relationships. The authors explored the mediating effect of perceived stress on the relationship between financial strain and 2 important outcomes: psychological symptomology and academic and social integration. Participants: Participants were 157 undergraduate students. Data were collected from December 2013 to March 2014. Methods: Cross-sectional data collection conducted using online survey software. Results: It was found that perceived stress mediated the relationship between financial strain and (a) psychological symptomology and (b) academic and social integration. Both models included first-generation status as a covariate. Conclusions: Results suggest that perceived stress is an important intervention target for reducing psychological symptoms and improving academic and social integration for undergraduate students. Implications for university health centers and mental health professionals include incorporating a public health model to minimize stress risk.     

The Experience of Nonresidential Stepmothers

Despite the growing body of research examining the experience of stepparents, very little is known about the unique experience of nonresidential stepparents. This research examined the experience of nonresidential stepmothers (N = 10) using semistructured interviews. Thematic content analysis identified 2 principal themes. Those themes were perceived control (with the subtheme of visitation and parenting and financial matters) and psychological and physical well-being. The perceived inability to control parenting practices during periods of visitation and financial matters associated with the payment of child support generated a sense of powerlessness, anger, and resentment that manifested in depression. Implications for family service providers and clinicians working with stepfamilies are discussed.     

Perceived Family Functioning and Family Resources of Hong Kong Families: Implications for Social Work Practice

This article reports the results of a telephone survey (n = 1,015 respondents) that aims to identify the perceived general family functioning and family resources of Hong Kong Chinese families and their linkage to each other in a rapidly transforming society. The perceived general family functioning of the respondents was average, and the five types of family resources—time, income, human capital, psychological capital, and social capital—of the respondents ranged from average to good. The following family resource domains, in descending order, have accounted for significant variance in perceived general family functioning: income, time spent with family, stress coping efficacy, religion, and satisfaction with the living environment. Our findings provide empirical support for policy formulation and social work practice.     

营养比较、信息解释水平对消费者作物营养强化食品选择的机制研究

解决隐性饥饿最经济有效的方法是促进消费者对作物营养强化食品的消费,而作物营养强化食品是否被消费者广泛接受的关键在于其营养含量的高低。为探究营养比较和信息解释水平对消费者作物营养强化食品选择的影响及其潜在的作用机制,采用情景模拟实验法,通过设计三个实验对上述问题进行检验。结果表明：当相对营养比较与信息解释水平匹配时,消费者对作物营养强化食品的购买意愿更高。此外,研究还揭示了感知独特效用的中介作用以及健康意识和调节定向的调节作用。由此建议,食品企业在进行作物营养强化食品宣传时,要根据不同产品的营养素含量采用不同的解释水平信息,并有意识地提升消费者健康意识、激活消费者的防御倾向。     

基于多维度感知风险的中国公众无偿献血意愿及影响因素分析

基于多维度感知风险,调查中国公众的献血意愿现状,探讨其影响因素,为无偿献血者招募与保留工作提供科学依据。本文从公众对献血行为、心理、情境、制度、偏见、服务、宣传七个维度的感知风险入手,在问卷调查与因素分析的基础上,基于实证分析,解释各种因素之间的相互关系,揭示不同特征中国公众献血意愿的差异,进而有针对性地制定无偿献血招募及保留措施,促进我国无偿献血事业可持续发展。     

差错管理氛围对员工建言行为的影响研究——基于链式中介作用模型

基于社会认知理论和社会交换理论,以320名具有5年以上工作经验的员工为调查对象,探讨了差错管理氛围如何促进员工建言行为的产生以及组织支持感和心理安全感在差错管理氛围与员工建言之间的链式中介作用。研究表明:差错管理氛围对员工建言行为具有显著的正向影响;组织支持感和心理安全感在差错管理氛围和员工建言行为之间起中介作用;组织支持感和心理安全感在差错管理氛围和员工建言行为之间起链式中介作用。因此,企业要努力营造积极的差错管理氛围,从而提高员工的组织支持感和心理安全感,促进员工建言行为的产生。     

组织支持感与员工敬业度关系

通过对问卷采用独立样本T检验、相关分析、回归分析等统计手段进行分析.结果表明:员工敬业度在不同人口特征变量上,如年龄、婚姻状况、性别和企业性质上存在差异.同时结果显示,组织支持感的三个前因变量——程序公平、上级支持、组织报酬和工作条件,与组织支持感显著正相关,可以有效地预测组织支持感知的产生,其中上级支持对组织支持感的预测力更大一些.另外,组织支持感及其前因变量都与员工敬业度正相关,并且可以有效地预测员工敬业度.而研究结果也证明,组织支持感在其前因变量与员工敬业度之间的关系中具有较强的中介作用.